Zest and juice the lemon. Zest first so you don’t lose any bright oils, then squeeze out the juice.
Combine lemon juice, lemon zest (if using), Dijon mustard, honey, minced garlic, salt, pepper, and red pepper flakes in a small bowl or jar.
Slowly whisk in the olive oil until the dressing is emulsified and slightly thickened. If using a jar, add the oil, seal, and shake vigorously for 20–30 seconds.
Taste and adjust: add more honey if too tart, more oil if too sharp, or a small pinch of salt to brighten flavors.
Stir in any optional add-ins like herbs or Parmesan. Use immediately or refrigerate in a sealed jar for up to one week.
Notes
If the dressing separates, shake or whisk before serving.
To make vegan, substitute honey with maple syrup.
Let grated garlic sit in the lemon juice for a few minutes to mellow its raw bite.